When the alembic console-script entry point runs, Python sets sys.path[0] to the entry point directory (/usr/local/bin/), not the WORKDIR. Without PYTHONPATH=/app, `from app.models import Base` in alembic/env.py fails with ModuleNotFoundError. uvicorn is unaffected as it adds CWD to sys.path itself. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>